A 15-month-old boy is brought in by his parents with fever, fussiness and lethargy, and apparent headache. On examination, the neck is stiff. His parents have not allowed his routine childhood vaccines. Very short Gram Negative rods are seen in the CSF, so antibiotics are immediately started. The organism grows on chocolate agar but not blood agar. No one else in the family is ill. What is the most likely causative agent?
What is the process called when a virus with bacterial or plasmid DNA infects another bacterium, assuming that no prophage state has existed in the phage production?
A patient with sickle cell anemia is most likely to have repeated septicemias with what?
A compromised patient is admitted due to respiratory distress. She had signs of focal central nervous system lesions early in the day and is now in a comatose state. The CNS and pulmonary biopsies show dichotomously branching septate hyphae. What is the most likely underlying condition?
A 10-day-old neonate is brought in because of parental concern about eye redness and watering associated with the conjunctiva of both eyes. Visual examination confirms and also detects several vesicles. Appropriate topical treatment is with
A 10-year-old girl presents with bloody diarrhea following a neighborhood barbeque. Her mother said the hamburgers were undercooked. Ultimately, a diagnosis of O157 strain of E. coli is made. Where are the O antigens found?
A 31-year-old pregnant woman comes to her attending physician because of painful vesicular lesions that have recently appeared in her genitalia. A positive result on which of the following diagnostic tests would mean that her baby is at risk for congenital anomalies?
A 6-year-old female came to your clinic due to high-grade fever, sore throat, and odynophagia. Tender vesicles in her oropharynx were noted. The diagnosis of herpangina was made. What is the most likely etiology?
The blood culture of a patient with a presumptive diagnosis of endocarditis yields non-hemolytic colonies of gram-positive cocci. The isolate was catalase negative and it was noted that it grew in 6.5% NaCl and was resistant to penicillin. What is the most likely identity of the isolate?
An alcoholic presents complaining of chest pain, fever, shaking chills, cough, and myalgia. He was very cold 2 nights ago and says he felt poorly ever since. His cough is producing rust-colored, odorless, mucoid sputum. His temperature on admission is 40°C. His WBC count is 16,000 cells/mm3 with PMN predominance and an overall left shift. An alpha-hemolytic, lancet-shaped, gram-positive diplococcus is isolated on blood agar. What is the most likely causative agent?