A 27-year-old male, diagnosed with AIDS and currently on HAART, presented with a 2-week history of painless, progressive blurring of vision. His latest CD4 count was noted to be 35/uL. Fundoscopic findings showed areas of retinal necrosis, edema, and hemorrhage. What is the most probable causative agent in this case?
At what week of illness are life-threatening complications, such as gastrointestinal bleeding and intestinal perforation, most likely to occur in a 17-year-old female who presented with a 1-week history of fever and abdominal pain and was diagnosed with typhoid fever?
Which of the following trematodes have been implicated in causing squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder?
A 4-year-old pediatric patient with an unknown immunization history presents in the ER with a low-grade fever and sore throat. Physical examination reveals an edematous pharynx with a thick, gray, leathery membrane. Through which mechanism did the etiologic agent most likely acquire its capability to produce an exotoxin?
A 72-year-old female presents to your clinic with complaints of dyspnea, high-grade fever, and productive cough. Further history revealed associated symptoms of headache, myalgia, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Vital signs: BP=140/90, HR=88, RR=28, T=40 degrees Celsius. Which of the following significant findings would most likely be in the patient’s history?
What is the causative agent of granulomatosis infantiseptica?
An alcoholic patient is diagnosed with pneumonia. Microbiologic studies identify an encapsulated, lactose-fermenting, non motile Gram-negative bacteria. What is the most likely etiologic agent?
A patient presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis is noted to have complaints of retro-orbital headache, facial pain, fever, and nasal stuffiness. Necrotic eschar is found on the nasal cavity. Biopsy of the area reveals nonseptate, broad-based hyphae that branch at right angles. What is the most likely causative agent?
What are the characteristics of a tuberculoid type of leprosy?
A 33-year-old man, who had unprotected sex with a prostitute, presents in the ER with complaints of dysuria and purulent urethral discharge. Gram staining of the discharge reveals numerous intracellular diplococci within neutrophils. In order to culture the etiologic agent in the laboratory, what culture medium will you use?