PLE Category: Surgery

PLE-8075

A patient with right upper quadrant (RUQ) abdominal pain and fever was brought to the OPD. On physical examination, there was tenderness noted in the RUQ but no jaundice. The patient had an ultrasound (UTZ) done outside, which showed a predominantly cystic mass in the right lobe. What is the most probable diagnosis?

PLE-8076

Which of the following is the most significant risk factor for invasive breast cancer when screening a patient for risk?

PLE-8077

A 72-year-old male complains of decreased stool caliber with blood streaks and weight loss (approximately 15% over 3 months). What is the patient suffering from?

PLE-8070

A 28-year-old male who crashed his car into another vehicle was brought into the emergency room. Vital signs on admission are as follows: BP 90/60, HR 118, RR 22, T 37.5°C. On physical examination, you note direct and rebound tenderness on all quadrants with guarding. What would be your next step in management?

PLE-8071

A 38-year-old female came into your clinic for a firm, well-demarcated, movable 2 x 2 cm mass in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. Which of the following would be the most appropriate next step?

PLE-8072

Which of the following benign breast disorders does not confer an increased cancer risk?

PLE-8073

A 55-year-old female with a long-standing history of burning retrosternal pain and heartburn underwent endoscopy, which revealed peptic esophagitis and Barrett’s esophagus. She has been taking PPIs with some relief of symptoms. What is the most appropriate next step in therapy?

PLE-8069

For the multiply injured patient who sustained severe blunt trauma, which of the following diagnostic examinations are not routinely ordered?

PLE-8065

A 77-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-day history of cramping abdominal pain and distention, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. She is otherwise healthy and has no history of abdominal operations. Her temperature is 37.4 C (99.4 F), blood pressure is 110/86 mm Hg, pulse is 112/min, and respirations are 24/min. Cardiopulmonary examination shows no abnormalities. Examination of the abdomen shows distention and mild diffuse tenderness; bowel sounds are high-pitched. An x-ray film of the abdomen shows air-fluid levels throughout the small bowel and air in the liver; there is no gas in the colon or free air. What is the most likely diagnosis?